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Home / Company Law & Secretarial Services / Pvt. Ltd. Company Registration
Last updated: 2 October 2026
Most private limited company registrations complete in 7–14 working days. What catches founders is everything that follows — the INC-20A declaration, the auditor appointment, the first board meeting, all due inside the first 30 to 180 days. At Expertvuw, our team handles the SPICe+ filing and hands you the compliance calendar with it.
A private limited company is the default structure for any business that intends to raise outside capital, bring in co-founders, or outlive its promoters. It is defined under Section 2(68) of the Companies Act, 2013 — shares are not freely transferable, membership is capped at 200, and the company cannot invite the public to subscribe. In exchange, liability stays limited to the capital subscribed, and the company holds property, contracts and debts in its own name.
Incorporation runs through a single integrated web form, SPICe+, which issues the Certificate of Incorporation together with PAN, TAN, DIN for the directors, EPFO and ESIC registration, a bank account, and GSTIN where you opt in. The filing is not the hard part.
What goes wrong is everything the form does not ask about. A company that has not filed INC-20A within 180 days cannot legally commence business or borrow. An auditor not appointed within 30 days is a default the board carries. Object clauses drafted too narrowly resurface two years later, when a bank or an investor reads the MOA. This page is for founders who want it done once, correctly, by someone who will still be there when the first annual filing falls due.
Minimum shareholders, and minimum directors. The same two people can hold both roles.
Maximum members a private company may have, under Section 2(68) of the Companies Act, 2013.
Minimum paid-up capital. The statutory floor was removed — capitalise for the business, not for the form.
Minimum stay in India during the previous financial year for at least one director on the board.
Typical time from complete, signed documents to Certificate of Incorporation.
Deadline to file INC-20A before the company may commence business or borrow.
None of these surface on the day you incorporate. All three surface later, usually at the moment money is involved.
The main objects in your MOA define what the company may lawfully do. Draft them around a single service line and you will be filing an alteration — and paying for it — the first time a bank, an investor or a tender asks whether an activity falls within your objects.
A company cannot commence business or borrow until the declaration of commencement is filed, and it cannot be filed until subscribers have actually paid in their share capital. Miss the 180-day window and the company faces a ₹50,000 penalty with ₹1,000 per day on every officer in default — and the Registrar may move to strike the company off.
MCA name approval and trademark registration are separate systems with separate registers. A name can clear SPICe+ Part A and still infringe a registered mark — which means rebranding after you have already printed, filed and banked under it.
Pvt Ltd is the right default for most multi-founder and investment-bound businesses, but it carries the heaviest compliance load of the four common structures. The honest comparison, before you commit.
Two or more founders, outside investment likely, ESOPs planned. Strongest standing with banks and investors — and the heaviest annual compliance of the four.
Professional services and partner-run firms with no plan to raise equity. Lighter annual filings, but institutional investors generally will not fund an LLP.
A single founder who wants limited liability without a second shareholder. Converts to Pvt Ltd as it grows, and cannot have more than one member.
Not-for-profit objects — charitable, educational, scientific. Licensed by the Central Government, and profits cannot be distributed to members.
We confirm Pvt Ltd is the right structure for what you are building, then run name availability against the MCA register and a trademark screen before you get attached to a name.
Digital Signature Certificates for every proposed director, and a single KYC checklist. Foreign and NRI directors’ documents are routed for apostille or consularisation early, because that is what usually sets the timeline.
SPICe+ Part A is filed and the approved name holds for 20 days. Our team drafts the object clauses around your actual business plan rather than a standard set.
The integrated filing: incorporation, DIN for each director, PAN, TAN, EPFO, ESIC, bank account, and GSTIN where you have opted in.
CIN, PAN and TAN are issued together. You receive the certificate, the signed MOA and AOA, and the full incorporation set in one handover pack.
Bank account funded, INC-20A filed, first board meeting minuted, auditor appointed within 30 days, statutory registers opened. Typical timeline: 7–14 working days to incorporation.
Incorporation is the start of a filing calendar, not the end of one. These are the obligations that catch first-time founders, in the order they arrive.
Declaration of commencement of business, filed only after subscribers have paid in their capital. Until it is filed, the company cannot legally commence business or borrow.
The first statutory auditor is appointed by the Board within 30 days of incorporation, and the appointment is intimated to the Registrar in Form ADT-1.
Every director holding a DIN files KYC annually. A missed filing deactivates the DIN, and reactivation carries a ₹5,000 fee.
Financial statements and the annual return, filed after the AGM. Late filing runs at ₹100 per day per form, with no upper cap.
Call us or send your query during office hours, Monday to Saturday, 10 AM to 7 PM.
Most private limited company registrations complete in 7 to 14 working days from the point your documents are complete and signed. The filing itself is quick — SPICe+ is a single integrated web form — so the timeline is driven almost entirely by name approval and document readiness. A name rejected at SPICe+ Part A adds roughly a week, as does a director whose KYC documents do not match across proofs. Foreign and NRI directors add time for apostille or consularisation, which is why we start that step on day one.
There is no minimum paid-up capital requirement for a private limited company. The earlier ₹1 lakh floor was removed by amendment, so you may incorporate with any amount. What matters in practice is that your authorised capital covers what you intend to issue, and that subscribers actually pay in the subscribed amount — the INC-20A declaration of commencement of business cannot be filed until they have, and until it is filed the company cannot commence business or borrow.
For the company: proposed names in order of preference, registered office address proof no older than two months, a no-objection certificate from the property owner, the intended capital structure, and a description of the main objects. For every director and shareholder: PAN, an identity proof such as Aadhaar or passport, an address proof no older than two months, and a passport-size photograph. Foreign nationals and NRIs need apostilled or consularised copies of their passport and address proof.
Yes. A foreign national or NRI can be both a shareholder and a director of an Indian private limited company. The one firm requirement is that at least one director must have stayed in India for not less than 182 days during the previous financial year. Foreign directors’ identity and address documents must be apostilled or consularised, and foreign investment into the company must be reported to the Reserve Bank of India within the prescribed timelines.
The first year follows a fixed sequence: the first board meeting within 30 days of incorporation, appointment of the first statutory auditor within 30 days with intimation in Form ADT-1, the INC-20A declaration of commencement of business within 180 days, DIR-3 KYC for every director holding a DIN, and then the annual filings — AOC-4 for financial statements and MGT-7A for the annual return, after the AGM. Statutory registers must be maintained from day one.
ACS – Director, Expertvuw Management Pvt Ltd
Incorporation documents are prepared and filed on the MCA portal by Expertvuw’s team. Certifications that the law reserves for practising professionals are issued by independent practising professionals engaged for your case.